• the Celts
• the Roman times
• the Saxons
• the Saxons and trials
• the Danes

• the Witan

• the Normans
• Norman rule
• the Plantagenets
• the birth of common law
• equity and writs
• Magna Carta
• the aftermath of Magna Carta
• the common law challenged

• the Hundred Years War
• the War of the Roses
• peace and order under the Tudors
• England and Europe: growing differences
• Henry VIII and the Church of England
• the long reign of Queen Elizabeth I
• James I: the gathering storm

• Charles I and the Civil War
• Cromwell and the Commonwealth
• Charles II and the Restoration
• the birth of  parties and experiment in constitutional monarchy
• James II: the end of the Stuarts
• William and Mary: the Declaration of Rights (1689)
• Queen Ann: on the way to modern ages

• constitutional monarchy

• the Cabinet
• the Shadow Cabinet
• the general elections
• the House of Commons
• the working of the House of Commons
• traditions in parliament

• the House of Lords

• the lords: hereditary and life peers
• preparation of a bill
• private bills
• the passing of a bill
• the Conservative Party
• the Labour Party
• Lib-Dem and other parties

• principles of common law
• modern law-making
• legal systems
• civil versus criminal justice
• civil and criminal cases
• civil suits
• criminal prosecutions

• Magistrates' Courts
• Crown Courts
• County Courts
• High Court
• Court of Appeal
• Law Lords
• Industrial Tribunals

• solicitors' work in office
• solicitors' work in court
• solicitors' training
• barristers' work
• barristers and their clients
• barristers' training
• the top judges
• other judges
• the appointment of judges

• bringing a case to court
• a case in the Magistrates' Court
• arraignment and the defender's rights
• trials in the Crown Court
• police forces
• Crimestoppers

             
       FINAL TEST              Only take the test after you have listened to the lectures and completed the exercises.